What is Parkinson's Disease?
Parkinson's disease is a neurologic condition named after Dr. James Parkinson, who first described the chronic syndrome in 1817. PD is a slowly progressive neurologic disease, which causes a gradual loss of the nerve cells. These cells are responsible for the production of the neurotransmitter dopamine. Dopamine carries signals to the part of the brain that control movement and coordination, which means that decreased levels of dopamine lead to the key motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease:
- Stiffness of the limbs (cogwheel rigidity)
- Generalized slowness (bradykinesia)
- Rest tremor
There are also other indications of Parkinson's Disease which may include difficulty swallowing, small handwriting, decreased facial expression, and soft speech. As the disease progresses, postural instability develops. This can result in a slow and shuffling gait, making a person with Parkinson's prone to falls.
Other parts of the brain can also be effected, this include neurotransmitters other than dopamine, and can lead to side effects like lightheadedness, constipation, dementia, depression, and sleep disturbance. Every patient experiences
How Many People Have Parkinson's Disease?
It is estimated that at least one million people in the United States have Parkinson's disease, and roughly five million more people have Parkinson's Worldwide. Only Alzheimer's disease is the only neurological disease more prevalent than Parkinson's.
When are people most likely to get Parkinson's Disease?
The average age of onset of Parkinson's disease is 60, although the symptoms and signs of Parkinson's can appear much earlier, and 5-10 percent of patients are diagnosed before the age of 40. The risk of developing Parkinson's disease increases with age.
How is Parkinson's Disease treated?
Parkinson's disease can be effectively managed with medication, lifestyle choices, and, in some cases, surgery.
Is There a Cure for Parkinson's Disease?
There is currently no known cause, cure or prevention method for treating Parkinson's Disease.
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